Classical Conditioning and the Pupil Dilation Response

National University of Singapore Department of Psychology PL1101E: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Question 2 Classical Conditioning and the Pupil Dilation Response Here is a simple classical conditioning experiment that you can perform on yourself at home. You will need a bell (or something you can ring), a hand-held mirror, and a room that becomes completely dark when the light is turned off. Hold the bell while standing in the room near the light switch. Once in position, you should ring the bell and then immediately turn off the light. After waiting in total darkness for about 15 seconds, turn the light back on. Wait another 15 seconds with the light on, and then ring the bell and immediately turn the light back off†¦show more content†¦After blindfolding a friend that is seated on the chair with his or her legs positioned one over the other, sound the buzzer before immediately tapping your friend just below his or her knee with the clinical hammer. Wait for 5 seconds before repeating this procedure for 20 to 30 times, making sure in each trial that the buzzer is sounded immediately before the tapping of your friend’s knee. After numerous pairings, it is theoretically possible to observe a reflexive knee jerk even without tapping your friend’s knee, once the buzzer sounds. In this classical conditioning experiment, the tapping of the person’s knee with a clinical hammer is the UCS, as it is a naturally occurring stimulus that elicits the UCR, which in this case is the reflexive knee jerk action. The distinctive sound given out by the buzzer was initially the NS, but eventually became the CS, after 20 to 30 pairings with the UCS within close intervals of 5 seconds during the experiment. It has become a stimulus that is subsequently capable of eliciting a learned reflex response on its own (CR) which was originally an UCR, because it has been paired with the original UCS. This can be seen from the results shown by the classical conditioning experiment conducted above. After the numerous pairings between the sound given out by the buzzer (NS) and the tapping of the knee using a clini calShow MoreRelatedReinforcement and Feedback Correct Marks2619 Words   |  11 PagesTraditional learning viewpoints considered classical and operant conditioning to be automatic processes involving only environmental events that did not depend at all on biological or cognitive factors. Research on which of the following concepts cast doubt on this point of view? Select one: a. latent learning, signal relations, and instinctive drift b. extinction, discrimination, and generalization c. CRF, ratio, and interval schedules d. escape, avoidance, and spontaneous recovery   Feedback CorrectRead MorePsy 244 Essay10464 Words   |  42 Pagesundergo qualitative or stagelike changes over the course of development (Psychodynamic Theory- Freud, Piagetian Theory) Learning: how kids learn (Behaviorism- Classical Conditioning with John B Watson and Operant Condition with B.F. Skinner, Cognitive social- observing and imitating others, Information-processing-input (stimulus) and output (response)) Dynamic systems: proposes that individuals develop and function within systems and that studies the relationships among individuals and systems and the